(TESTS ON ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT DESIGNED FOR SPECIFIC VOLTAGE LIMITS)
Aim:
While ensuring the functioning of the internal market, electrical equipment on the market must meet requirements that protect the health and safety of people, pets and goods at a high level. For this, the requirements within the scope of the 2014/35/EU directive must be fulfilled by the manufacturers. At this point, it is mandatory to perform LVD Tests of the relevant electrical equipment.
Market availability and safety requirements:
Electrical equipment may only be placed on the market if it has been manufactured in accordance with current good engineering practice in matters of safety and if it is properly installed, maintained and used for the purpose for which it was manufactured, it does not endanger the safety of people, pets or property. Additionally, LVD tests should be performed in line with the applicable standards within the scope of LVD Testing.
Obligations of manufacturers:
Manufacturers are obliged to ensure that the electrical equipment they place on the market is designed and manufactured in accordance with the safety requirements specified in Article 5 of the 2014/35/EU directive and explained in Annex-I of this directive.
Manufacturers shall prepare the technical file specified in Annex III of the 2014/35/EU directive and apply or cause to be implemented the conformity assessment procedure in Annex III. In cases where the conformity of electrical equipment with the safety requirements specified in Article 5 of the 2014/35/EU directive and described in Annex I of this directive is proven by the conformity assessment procedure in Annex III of this directive, manufacturers shall issue an EU declaration of conformity and affix the CE marking.
Manufacturers shall keep the technical file and the EU declaration of conformity specified in Annex III of the 2014/35/EU directive for ten years from the date the electrical equipment is placed on the market.
Manufacturers shall implement procedures to ensure that series production continues in accordance with directive 2014/35/EU. Changes in the harmonized standards and other technical specifications specified in Article 14 of the 2014/35/EU directive, which are taken as basis for the design, characteristics or conformity of electrical equipment, shall be adequately taken into account. When deemed necessary depending on the risks posed by electrical equipment, manufacturers carry out sample tests of electrical equipment on the market to protect the health and safety of consumers, carry out inspections, if necessary, keep a record of complaints about non-conforming and recalled electrical equipment and inform distributors about these monitoring activities.
Manufacturers must ensure that the electrical equipment they offer to the market; It ensures that this information is included on the electrical equipment if it carries a type, batch or serial number or another element that enables its identification, and in cases where the size or structure of the electrical equipment does not allow this, this information is included on the packaging of the electrical equipment or in a document accompanying the electrical equipment.
Manufacturers shall state their names, registered trade names or registered trademarks and the address at which they can be contacted regarding the product on the electrical equipment or, where this is not possible, on the packaging of the electrical equipment or in a document accompanying the electrical equipment. Only one address is shown where the manufacturer can be contacted. Turkish or a language that is easily understood by end users and accepted by the Ministry is used to provide contact information.
Manufacturers shall ensure that instructions and safety information are provided with electrical equipment in the format determined by the Ministry, in Turkish or in a language easily understood by consumers and accepted by the Ministry. With these instructions and safety information, all labels are clear, understandable and legible.
Manufacturers who know or should know that electrical equipment they place on the market do not comply with Directive 2014/35/EU shall immediately take the necessary corrective measures to bring the electrical equipment in question into compliance, to recall it and, if necessary, to withdraw it from the market. Furthermore, where electrical equipment poses a risk, manufacturers shall promptly inform the Ministry, in particular detailing the non-conformity and any corrective measures taken.
Upon the reasoned request of the Ministry, manufacturers shall submit to the Ministry all the information and documents required to prove the conformity of the electrical equipment with this Regulation, in printed or electronic form, in Turkish or in a language acceptable to the Ministry. Upon the request of the Ministry, manufacturers cooperate with the Ministry regarding all measures taken to eliminate risks arising from the electrical equipment they place on the market.
Compatibility of Electrical Equipment:
Assumption of conformity with harmonized standards
Products that comply with the harmonized standards (or the corresponding Harmonized Turkish Standards) or their relevant parts, the reference numbers of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union, are assumed to comply with the essential requirements specified in Annex-I of the 2014/35/EU directive within the scope of these standards or their relevant parts. Additionally, LVD Tests must be performed in line with these standards.
In case the harmonized standard has not been prepared and published, it is assumed that the electrical equipment that complies with the safety provisions of the international standard prepared by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and published in the Official Journal of the European Union complies with the safety requirements specified in Article 5 of the 2014/35/EU directive and explained in Annex-I of the 2014/35/EU directive.
In the absence of the specified standards and if it provides a security equal to the security level required in Turkey, it is assumed that the electrical equipment that complies with the safety provisions of the standard applied in the European Union member country where it is produced complies with the safety requirements specified in Article 5 of the 2014/35/EU directive and explained in Annex-I.
EU declaration of conformity
The EU declaration of conformity states that the essential requirements set out in Article 5 of the 2014/35/EU directive and explained in Annex I of the 2014/35/EU directive are fulfilled.
The EU declaration of conformity has the model structure specified in Annex IV of the 2014/35/EU directive, includes the elements specified in Module A in Annex III of the 2014/35/EU directive and is constantly updated. In cases where the EU declaration of conformity is issued in other languages, the declaration is also translated into Turkish.
If electrical equipment is subject to more than one technical legislation requiring an EU declaration of conformity, a single EU declaration of conformity is issued confirming that the requirements of all relevant technical legislation are fulfilled. The declaration includes the name, date of publication and reference number of the technical regulation.
By issuing the EU declaration of conformity, the manufacturer assumes responsibility for ensuring that the electrical equipment complies with the specified requirements of directive 2014/35/EU.
General principles of the CE marking
The CE mark is subject to the principles specified in the "CE" Mark Regulation, which was put into force by the Council of Ministers Decision No. 2011/2588 dated 16/12/2011. In order to use this mark, technical file, declaration of conformity and LVD Test services are required within the scope of the 2014/35/EU directive.
LVD Testing Service:
It is carried out by LVD Testing Services Astor Mayer within the scope of the standards specified below.
EN 60204-1 Safety in machines - Electrical equipment of machines - part 1: General rules
EN 60335-1 Safety rules - For electrical devices used in homes and similar places - Part 1: General rules
EN 61439-1 Low voltage switchgear and control equipment - Part 1: General rules
EN 60598-1 Lighting fixtures - Part 1: General rules and tests
IEC 60755 Residual current-operated protective devices - General rules
EN 62368-1 Audio/video, information and communication technologies equipment - Part 1: Safety rules
EN 61558-1 Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and their combinations - Part 1: General rules and tests
EN 62841-1 Hand-held tools, portable tools and lawn and garden machines powered by electric motors - Safety – Part 1: General rules
EN 61010-1 Safety rules for electrical equipment used in measurement, control and laboratory - Part 1: General rules
EN 60670-1 Boxes and enclosures - For electrical auxiliary equipment used in fixed electrical installations in homes and similar places - part 1: General rules
EN 61386-1 Piping systems - For cable installation - Part 1: General specifications
EN 50085-1 Hardware cable tray systems and cable trunking systems - for electrical installations - Part 1: General specifications
LVD Tests Scope:
Electrical Safety Tests-LVD Tests are carried out within the scope of the standards stated below.
Within the scope of the EN 60204-1 standard, applications of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic equipment and systems belonging to machines that cannot be moved by hand while operating (including a group of machines working together in a coordinated manner) are subjected to LVD Testing.
Safety in Machinery - Electrical Equipment of Machines; Industrial Machinery and Applications Electrical Equipment; All Safety Tests (LVD Tests) within the scope of EN 60204-1 standard are carried out on semi-completed (partially completed) Machines, Electrical Equipment and Electrical Devices.
Within the scope of the EN 60335-1 standard, safety tests are carried out for electrical devices used in homes and similar places and for commercial purposes, operating at a declared voltage not exceeding 250 V on a single phase and 480 V on the other phases. These tests are within the scope of LVD testing service and are evaluated according to the requirements of the EN 60335-1 standard.
- Battery operated devices and other d.c. Devices powered by EN 61558-1 are within the scope of the standard.
- Examples of appliances for the home and similar places are appliances used for typical household services in the home and similar places and also for use by non-specialists in the following typical domestic services.
- House and similar environment, residences and related buildings, gardens, etc. Contains.
Devices intended for use by specialists or trained persons in shops, small industrial workplaces and farms, as well as devices and machines declared for commercial use by lay persons, are covered by the EN 61558-1 standard.
The EN 61439-1 standard is valid for enclosures where the nominal voltage is below 1000 V AC (at frequencies not exceeding 1000 Hz) or 1500 V DC. All electrical safety tests are carried out within the scope of LVD Testing services.
The EN 61439-1 standard is valid for low voltage switchgear and control assemblies (ASSEMBLIES) where required by the relevant Assembly standard, as follows:
- hungry. INSTALLATIONS whose nominal voltage does not exceed 1000 V in the case of d.c. or 1500 V in the case of d.c.
- fixed or mobile EQUIPMENT, with or without enclosure;
- INSTALLATIONS intended for the control of equipment consuming electrical energy and in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electrical energy;
- INSTALLATIONS designed for use in special service conditions, for example on ships, rail vehicles, equipment in explosive atmospheres and in domestic applications (operated by unskilled persons), provided that the relevant special requirements are complied with;
- ASSEMBLY designed for electrical equipment of machines. Supplementary requirements for ASSEMBLYMS forming part of a machine are covered by the IEC 60204 series.
This Part 1 of EN 60598 specifies general requirements for luminaires containing electric light sources for operation from supply voltages up to 1000 V. The requirements and associated tests of the EN 60598-1 standard cover: classification, marking, mechanical structure, electrical structure and photobiological safety.
Electrical structure is evaluated as LVD testing service within the scope of EN 60598-1 standard.
The IEC 60755 standard covers protective devices (called residual current devices) operating with residual current, intended primarily to protect against the danger of electric shock, with declared voltages not exceeding 440 Volts and declared currents not exceeding 200 Amperes in alternating current.
IEC 60755 standard;
− Devices that simultaneously examine the residual current (Research: It is the function of sensing the presence of residual current) in comparison with the reference value (Evaluation: It is the function of giving the residual current device the opportunity to operate when the researched residual current exceeds a certain reference value) and open the protected circuit when the residual current exceeds the reference value (Breaking (Opening): It is the function of automatically turning the main contacts of the residual current device from closed to open position, thus cutting off the current(s) passing through it),
− It is applied to a group of systems, each of which performs one or two of the above functions, but acts in a way that creates all three functions together.
Supplementary or special rules are required for residual current arrangements intended to fulfill only one or two of the above three functions, whether or not they include overcurrent protection as an integral whole.
Electrical safety tests regarding the IEC 60755 standard are carried out within the scope of LVD Testing Services.
This part of EN 62368 applies to the safety of electrical and electronic equipment in the field of audio, video, information and communications technology and work and office machines with a nominal voltage not exceeding 600 V. Examples of equipment within the scope of the EN 62368-1 standard are given in Annex A of the EN 61558-1 standard. A rated voltage of 600 V is considered to include equipment rated 400/690 V.
All electrical safety tests are carried out within the scope of LVD Testing Services regarding the EN 62368-1 standard.
The EN 50085-1 standard covers the specifications and tests for equipped cable tray systems (CTS) and cable tray systems (CDS) intended for the installation of insulated conductors, cables and other possible electrical devices in electrical and/or communication system installations and, where necessary, their separation for electrical protection. The highest voltage of these installations is 1000 V a.c. and 1500 V d.a. LVD Tests are carried out in accordance with the EN 50085-1 standard.
The EN 50085-1 standard does not apply to piping systems, cable rail systems, cable ladder systems, power monitoring systems or equipment covered by other standards.
LVD tests related to the EN 50085-1 standard are used together with the EN 50085-2 series standard for relevant features.
This part of IEC 1386 specifies requirements and tests for cable tray systems, including cable trays and cable conduit fittings, for the protection and management of insulated conductors and/or cables in electrical installations or communications systems up to 1000 V ac and/or 1500 V dc.
This standard applies to metallic, non-metallic and composite duct systems, including threaded and non-threaded inlets that terminate the system. This standard does not apply to:
Enclosures and junction boxes falling within the scope of IEC 670.
NOTES
1- Some duct systems may also be suitable for use in hazardous atmospheres. Next, the extra requirements for installing the equipment in such conditions must be taken into account.
2- Grounding conductors may or may not be insulated.
EN 61558-1 standard; It covers safety-related issues such as electrical, thermal and mechanical safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar products.
LVD tests related to the EN 61558-1 standard are carried out by electrical safety tests, taking into account the reference standards of this standard for the relevant features.
The EN 62841 standard relates to electric motor-actuated or magnetically actuated safety:
- hand tools (IEC 62841-2);
- portable vehicles (IEC 62841-3);
- lawn and garden machines (IEC 62841-4).
Rated voltage, single phase a.c. or d.c. for appliances from 250 V and three-phase a.c. for appliances not more than 480 V. Rated input is not more than 3 700 W.
All electrical safety tests are carried out within the scope of LVD Test services related to the EN 62841 standard.
The EN 61010-1 standard establishes general safety rules for the following types of electrical equipment and their accessories (wherever they are intended for use):
a) Electrical testing and measuring equipment
Electrical testing and measuring equipment, one or more electrical or physical quantities
testing, measuring, displaying or recording by means of electromagnetic devices and also
Non-measurement equipment such as signal generators, measurement standards, power supplies used in the laboratory, transducers, transmitters, etc.
b) Electrical industrial process-control equipment
Electrical industrial process-control equipment is equipment that controls one or more output quantities according to specified values, with each value determined by manual adjustment, local or remote programming, or by means of one or more input variables.
c) Electrical laboratory equipment
Electrical laboratory equipment is used to measure, indicate, display, inspect or
Equipment used to analyze or prepare materials for in vitro diagnostics (IVD)
It also includes the equipment used for the purpose. This equipment can also be used in areas other than laboratories. Examples of these include automated testing IVD equipment for use in the home and inspection equipment to check people or material in transit.
Electrical safety tests are carried out within the scope of LVD Test services on all devices falling within the scope of the EN 61010-1 standard.
The EN 60670-1 standard specifies the rated voltage of 1000 V a.c. in fixed electrical installations in homes or similar places, intended for use inside or outside the building. It covers boxes, enclosures and parts of enclosures used for electrical auxiliary equipment not exceeding 1500 V d.a. and 1500 V d.a.
Rules for special types of boxes and enclosures are given in the relevant Part 2 of the IEC 60670 standard series.
Boxes and enclosures conforming to the EN 60670-1 standard are suitable for use at ambient temperatures normally not exceeding 25°C, but occasionally reaching 35°C.
A box or enclosure that is an integral part of the equipment and protects the equipment against external influences (e.g. mechanical impact, ingress of solid objects or water, etc.) is covered by the relevant standard for such equipment.
The EN 60670-1 standard does not cover:
- Ceiling roses,
- Lighting fixture carrier joining elements,
- Conforming to IEC 61084, designed specifically for use in cable transport and trunking systems.
boxes, enclosures and parts of enclosures not intended for installation outside systems.
When each section of the enclosure is assembled and installed as in normal use, the enclosure must be designed and manufactured to provide adequate electrical and mechanical protection in the enclosed parts and to prevent danger to the user or those around him. LVD Tests are carried out within the scope of EN 60670-1 Standard and the tests include electrical safety tests.
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